Andorra

Southern Europe

EuropeNon-EU

A low-tax European country with residence by investment and a digital-nomad visa, but a very long 20-year citizenship wait and no dual citizenship.

–
Overall score
Insufficient data · 72% data coverage
Language
Catalan
Currency
EUR
Citizenship
20 years
Personal tax
Up to 10%
Cost of living
€1,700 / mo (single)

Rules change often. Confirm any immigration, tax or legal decision with a qualified professional.

Score breakdown
72
Access
17%
93Residence12%
23Citizenship and passport5%
74
Earning power
25%
–Salary and work12%
74Buying power13%
74
Business and wealth
20%
92Taxes7%
74Business8%
50Investment5%
81
Daily life
25%
86Quality of life18%
69Education7%
90
Rights and institutions
13%
93Freedom6%
88Rule of law7%

Pros

  • Residence by investment
  • A digital-nomad visa

Cons

  • A very long 20-year citizenship wait
  • No dual citizenship

Best for

Remote workersLow-tax relocatorsInvestors

Score profile

Access
Residence
93
Citizenship
13
Passport
85
Earning power
Salary & work
–
Buying power
74
Cost of living
52
Economy
84
Business and wealth
Taxes
92
Personal tax
82
Corporate tax
71
Business
74
Investment
50
Wealth building
–
Daily life
Safety
83
Healthcare
88
Environment
91
Infrastructure
–
Education
69
HDI
91
Rights and institutions
Freedom
93
Rule of law
88
How the scores are calculated

Access

Residence
Openness to residents
Excellent
93
Migrant stock59.1% of population (2024)
Regulatory quality1.10 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Main pathways
EmploymentStudyFamily reunificationBusiness or investment where eligible
StudentRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
WorkRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
Self-employedRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
PermanentRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
Citizenship
Citizenship accessibility
Low
13
Years required20 years
Dual allowedNo
LanguageCheck the current naturalisation rules for the selected route
ResidenceTypical headline route: 20 years; qualifying residence and absence rules apply
NotesRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
Passport
Passport power
Excellent
85
168 / 198
Mobility
#23
Global rank
No
Biometric
  • Visa-free113
  • On arrival47
  • eTA8
  • Visa required30

Placeholder estimates for 2024 to 2025. Check entry rules with each destination before travelling.

Earning power

Salary & work
Labour-market strength
Data not available
–
Tech salary (estimate)Varies substantially by city, seniority, and employer
FreelanceMarket access depends on language, sector, and work authorisation
Job marketUse current local vacancy and salary data for role-specific decisions.
Buying power
Purchasing power score
Good
74
GNI / person$80,950 PPP (2025)
Price level76 (US = 100) (2021)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Cost of living
Affordability
Moderate
52
Price level76 (US = 100) (2021)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

RentVaries substantially by city and neighbourhood
Monthly€1,700 / mo (single)
CitiesAndorra la Vella, Escaldes-Engordany
Economy
Economic strength
Excellent
84
Output & income
GDP$4.5B (2025)
GDP / person$54,292 (2025)
GNI / person$80,950 PPP (2025)
GDP growth3.4% / yr (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Sector composition
Agriculture0.5% of GDP (2025)
Industry12.8% of GDP (2025)
Services77.8% of GDP (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Main industries
Tourism (ski & retail)BankingRetail trade
TypeHigh-income, tourism- and services-led
Key sectorsSki & shopping tourism, Banking, Duty-free retail
SummaryA small Pyrenean economy living on ski tourism, duty-free retail and a long-standing banking sector.
CurrencyEuro (used by agreement with the EU)

Business and wealth

Taxes
Tax friendliness
Excellent
92
PersonalUp to 10%
CorporateGenerally 10%
Capital gainsTreatment varies by asset, holding structure, residence, and treaty position
DividendsRates and withholding depend on residence and treaty eligibility
Exit taxCheck current domestic rules before changing tax residence
Foreign companiesManagement, permanent-establishment, CFC, and reporting rules may apply
Personal tax
Personal tax
Excellent
82
PersonalUp to 10%
FreelanceRegistration, immigration permission, tax, and social contributions may apply
Capital gainsTreatment varies by asset, holding structure, residence, and treaty position
DividendsRates and withholding depend on residence and treaty eligibility
Exit taxCheck current domestic rules before changing tax residence
Corporate tax
Corporate tax
Good
71
CorporateGenerally 10%
Capital gainsTreatment varies by asset, holding structure, residence, and treaty position
DividendsRates and withholding depend on residence and treaty eligibility
Foreign companiesManagement, permanent-establishment, CFC, and reporting rules may apply
Business
Business friendliness
Good
74
Regulation & bureaucracy
Regulatory quality1.10 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)
Government effectiveness1.16 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Operating rules
Foreign companyGenerally possible, subject to sector, registration, tax, and substance rules
Local companyAvailable company forms and capital requirements vary
FreelanceRegistration, immigration permission, tax, and social contributions may apply
Investment
Investing environment
Moderate
50
Capital gainsTreatment varies by asset, residence, holding period, and treaty position
DividendsData not available yet
ETFs & fundsData not available yet
Wealth taxCheck current national and subnational rules
BrokersLocal and international availability varies by residency and compliance checks
Foreign accessData not available yet
Tax-advantagedData not available yet
Wealth building
Wealth accumulation
Data not available
–
Salary & work
Data not available
–
Business
Good
74
Investment
Moderate
50
Tax friendliness
Excellent
92
Cost of living
Moderate
52

Daily life

Safety
Safety & stability
Excellent
83
Personal safety
Homicide rate2.6 per 100,000 (2020)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Institutions & stability
Control of corruption1.18 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)
Political stability1.54 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Check current government travel and security advice before relocating.

Healthcare
Healthcare score
Excellent
88
Outcomes
Life expectancy84.2 years (2024)
Under-5 mortality2.5 per 1,000 births (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Capacity & resourcing
Physicians5.07 per 1,000 (2023)
Hospital beds2.56 per 1,000 (2008)
Health spending$5,519 PPP / person (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

System & costs
SystemPublic/private mix varies by eligibility and residence status
InsuranceCheck residence-permit and local coverage requirements
Average costDepends on eligibility, income, insurer, and chosen coverage
Environment
Environment score
Excellent
91
Environmental pressure
PM2.5 exposure8.9 μg/m³ annually (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Infrastructure
Infrastructure score
Data not available
–
Digital infrastructure
Internet use94.4% (2024)
Internet resilience68 / 100 (2026)
Fixed speed90 / 100 download index (2026)
Mobile speed84 / 100 download index (2026)

Sources: World Bank World Development Indicators · Internet Society Pulse Internet Resilience Index

Utilities
Electricity access100.0% (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Education
Education score
Good
69
Attainment
Expected schooling14.5 years (2023)
Mean schooling11.6 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Participation & investment
Tertiary enrolment68% gross (2024)
Education spending1.9% of GDP (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

TuitionLimited local provision; costs vary
Public universityVaries by institution, programme, and student nationality
LanguagesCatalan
Student workRules depend on status and circumstances; verify the current requirements with the competent authority before acting.
HDI
Human development score
Excellent
91
HDI0.913 (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Long & healthy life
Life expectancy84.0 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Knowledge
Expected schooling14.5 years (2023)
Mean schooling11.6 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Standard of living
GNI / person$64,631 PPP (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Rights and institutions

Freedom
Freedom score
Excellent
93
Freedom in the World93 / 100 (Free)
Sources
Rule of law
Rule of law score
Excellent
88
Rule of Law percentile88 / 100
Sources
Resources
Official references
UN Statistics: M49 country and area codesunstats.un.orgPwC: Worldwide Tax Summariestaxsummaries.pwc.comUNDP Human Development Report 2025hdr.undp.orgInternet Society Pulse Internet Resilience Indexpulse.internetsociety.orgWorld Bank World Development Indicatorsdata.worldbank.org
Quick links
Andorra visa & immigrationgoogle.comAndorra tax residency rulesgoogle.comAndorra citizenship requirementsgoogle.comCost of living in Andorragoogle.com

Data is illustrative. Not legal or tax advice.