Turkiye

Turkiye

Anatolia (transcontinental)

Europe / Middle EastNon-EU
58
Overall score
Moderate overall · 100% data coverage
Language
Turkish
Currency
TRY
Citizenship
5 years (or ~3–6 months via investment)
Personal tax
15–40%
Cost of living
$900 / mo (single)
Overall scoring rubric
57
Access

How easy it is to get in, stay, and build status.

17% of Overall
48Residence12%
77Citizenship and passport5%
62
Earning power

How far local income goes after prices.

25% of Overall
59Salary and work12%
65Buying power13%
52
Business and wealth

How friendly the country is for taxes, companies, and investing.

20% of Overall
56Taxes7%
54Business8%
44Investment5%
71
Daily life

How comfortable everyday life is for families and long stays.

25% of Overall
67Quality of life18%
80Education7%
35
Rights and institutions

How reliable freedoms and institutions are.

13% of Overall
32Freedom6%
38Rule of law7%

Safety (59) clears the 40 floor, so no penalty applies.

Healthcare (70) clears the 40 floor, so no penalty applies.

Environment (59) clears the 35 floor, so no penalty applies.

Rights and institutions (35) clears the 30 floor, so no penalty applies.

Overall score
Final weighted result
58

A large transcontinental economy bridging Europe and Asia with a fast property-based citizenship-by-investment route (US$400k), low living costs and a digital-nomad visa - though high inflation is a real drawback.

Pros

  • Fast CBI via US$400k property
  • Low cost of living; big market
  • Digital nomad visa; dual citizenship allowed

Cons

  • High inflation & currency volatility
  • Turkish needed locally
  • Passport access weaker than EU

Best for

Property investors seeking a passportFounders targeting the regionNomads & remote workers

Score profile

Access
Residence
48
Citizenship
84
Passport
63
Earning power
Salary & work
59
Buying power
65
Cost of living
81
Economy
62
Business and wealth
Taxes
56
Personal tax
27
Corporate tax
29
Business
54
Investment
44
Wealth building
58
Daily life
Safety
59
Healthcare
70
Environment
59
Infrastructure
74
Education
80
HDI
85
Rights and institutions
Freedom
32
Rule of law
38

Access

Residence

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any residence / visa decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Openness to residents
Moderate
48
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines international migrant stock (40%), regulatory quality (20%), the breadth of named residence pathways (25%), and time to permanent residence (15%). Available indicators are reweighted.

Migrant stock8.1% of population (2024)
Regulatory quality-0.21 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Main pathways
Citizenship by InvestmentProperty/residence permitDigital NomadWork permit
StudentStudent residence permit; limited part-time work.
WorkWork permit tied to an employer; quotas for foreign staff.
Self-employedCompany formation straightforward; independent work permit available.
PermanentLong-term residence after 8 years; or citizenship via investment.
Citizenship

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any citizenship decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Citizenship accessibility
Excellent
84
Years required5 years residence, or ~3–6 months via the investment route
Dual allowedtrue
LanguageTurkish for standard naturalisation; none for the investment route
Residence5 years continuous residence (standard) or qualifying investment
NotesCBI requires ~US$400k in real estate (held 3 years) or set bank deposit/fixed-capital options.
Passport

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any travel or visa decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Passport power
Moderate
63

Passport-index style mobility for the Turkiye passport. The score above is its world reach: the share of 198 destinations reachable without a prior visa.

124 / 198
Mobility
#46
Global rank
Yes
Biometric
  • Visa-free76
  • On arrival42
  • eTA6
  • Visa required74

Passport Index style mobility data (2024–2025 estimate). Placeholder figures; verify current entry rules with each destination’s authority before travelling.

Earning power

Salary & work
Labour-market strength
Moderate
59
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines output per worker (a proxy for wage potential at 40%), unemployment (35%) and labour-force participation (25%). Available indicators are reweighted; the curated profile fields remain below.

Output per worker$93,115 PPP (2024)
Unemployment8.5% (2025)
Participation54.4% of 15+ (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Mean monthly earnings of employees
Overall$671 · $1,753 PPP (2024)
Tech (IT & comms)$1,065 · $2,784 PPP (2024)

Source: ILOSTAT (International Labour Organization)

FreelanceGrowing; many earn in foreign currency to hedge inflation
Job marketIstanbul is the economic & tech hub; gaming/startup scene active.
Buying power
Purchasing power score
Good
65
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score estimates how far money goes for the typical person here. It combines GNI per capita at PPP (30%) and actual household consumption per person at PPP (15%) with a price-advantage term from the local price level (25%) that rewards lower prices, then adjusts for income equality via the Gini index (20%), so unequal economies don't ride a high average, plus price stability via consumer inflation (10%). Available indicators are reweighted; it is a comparison, not a personal budget estimate.

GNI / person$44,630 PPP (2025)
Consumption / person$22,149 PPP (2024)
Price level45 (US = 100) (2025)
Income inequality43.7 Gini (2023)
Inflation34.9% / yr (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Cost of living
Affordability
Excellent
81

Our 0–100 affordability score is derived from the local consumer price level (World Bank, US = 100): the cheaper everyday prices are, the higher it scores. Lower price level means your money goes further here.

Price level45 (US = 100) (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Rent$400–900 (1BR Istanbul)
Monthly$900
CitiesIstanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Antalya
Economy
Economic strength
Moderate
62
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines income level (GDP and GNI per capita, output per worker), growth momentum (real GDP growth), price stability (inflation) and labour utilisation (unemployment). Available indicators are reweighted; the sector split and industry profile below are descriptive, not scored.

Output & income
GDP$1.6T (2025)
GDP / person$18,599 (2025)
GNI / person$44,630 PPP (2025)
GDP growth3.3% / yr (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Stability & labour
Inflation34.9% / yr (2025)
Unemployment8.5% (2025)
Output per worker$93,115 PPP (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Sector composition
Agriculture5.2% of GDP (2025)
Industry24.0% of GDP (2025)
Services59.4% of GDP (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Main industries
ManufacturingAutomotiveTextiles & apparelConstructionTourismAgricultureDefence
Top exports
Vehicles & partsMachineryTextiles & apparelSteelAgricultural products
TypeUpper-middle-income, manufacturing- and export-led
Key sectorsManufacturing & automotive, Textiles, Tourism & construction
SummaryA diversified manufacturing and export economy bridging Europe and Asia, strained by high inflation.
CurrencyTurkish lira (history of high inflation and depreciation)

Business and wealth

Taxes

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any tax decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Tax friendliness
Moderate
56
Personal15–40% progressive
Corporate25%
Capital gainsUp to 40%; real-estate gains exempt after 5 years' holding
Dividends10% (reduced from 15%)
Exit taxNone standard
Foreign cosCFC rules apply
Personal tax

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any tax decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Personal tax
Low
27
Personal15–40% progressive
FreelanceIndependent work permit; company route common
Capital gainsUp to 40%; real-estate gains exempt after 5 years' holding
Dividends10% (reduced from 15%)
Exit taxNone standard
Corporate tax

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any tax decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Corporate tax
Low
29
Corporate25%
Capital gainsUp to 40%; real-estate gains exempt after 5 years' holding
Dividends10% (reduced from 15%)
Foreign cosCFC rules apply
Business
Business friendliness
Moderate
54
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score measures the operating environment without counting tax a second time: company formation and ownership rules contribute 40%, regulatory quality 30%, and government effectiveness 30%. Available indicators are reweighted; the values are shown below.

Regulation & bureaucracy
Regulatory quality-0.21 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)
Government effectiveness-0.07 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Operating rules
Foreign co.Yes: 100% foreign ownership permitted
Local co.A.Ş. or Ltd. Şti.; formation in days
FreelanceIndependent work permit; company route common
Investment

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any investment / tax decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Investing environment
Limited
44
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score measures market access without counting tax a second time: broker availability contributes 50%, equity-market depth 30%, and private credit depth 20%. Available indicators are reweighted.

Market cap25% of GDP (2025)
Private credit46% of GDP (2025)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Capital gainsProperty gains exempt after 5 years; securities taxed variably
DividendsData not available yet
ETFs & fundsData not available yet
Wealth taxNone (property tax applies)
BrokersLocal brokers; foreign access via international platforms
Foreign accessData not available yet
Tax-advantagedData not available yet
Wealth building

Rules change often and depend on your situation. Confirm any tax / investment decision with a qualified professional, or do your own research, before acting.

Wealth accumulation
Moderate
58
How this score is calculated

How favourable Turkiye is for building wealth: earnings and business/investment upside, tax drag, and how much a typical income keeps after living costs. Estimated from the factors below.

Salary & work
Moderate
59
Business
Moderate
54
Investment
Limited
44
Tax friendliness
Moderate
56
Cost of living
Excellent
81

Daily life

Safety
Safety & stability
Moderate
59
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines personal safety (intentional homicide rate at 50%), political stability and absence of violence (30%), and control of corruption (20%). Available indicators are reweighted; the published values are shown below. Always check current government travel and security advice before relocating.

Personal safety
Homicide rate3.2 per 100,000 (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Institutions & stability
Control of corruption-0.56 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)
Political stability-0.97 (−2.5 to 2.5) (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Healthcare
Healthcare score
Good
70
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines health outcomes (life expectancy at 25% and under-5 mortality at 20%) with system capacity (physicians at 20% and hospital beds at 15% per 1,000 people) and health spending per capita (20%). Available indicators are reweighted; the published values are shown below.

Outcomes
Life expectancy77.4 years (2024)
Under-5 mortality9.6 per 1,000 births (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Capacity & resourcing
Physicians2.24 per 1,000 (2022)
Hospital beds3.05 per 1,000 (2023)
Health spending$1,769 PPP / person (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

System & costs
SystemUniversal public (SGK) + strong private/medical-tourism sector
InsuranceSGK for residents; private insurance common for permits
Avg costPrivate cover ~$300–800 / yr
Environment
Environment score
Moderate
59
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines annual population-weighted PM2.5 exposure at 60% with freshwater stress at 40%. Lower exposure and lower water stress score better. Air quality alone can produce a score because it covers most countries; water stress alone cannot.

Environmental pressure
PM2.5 exposure26.4 μg/m³ annually (2023)
Water stress47.9% (2022)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Infrastructure
Infrastructure score
Good
74
How this score is calculated

The score combines digital access, resilience and download performance (30%), electricity access and network losses (30%), and transport infrastructure covering rail, logistics and aviation (40%). Available inputs are reweighted, but a country needs both digital and transport data to receive a score.

Digital infrastructure
Internet use89.8% (2025)
Internet resilience57 / 100 (2026)
Fixed speed71 / 100 download index (2026)
Mobile speed72 / 100 download index (2026)

Sources: World Bank World Development Indicators · Internet Society Pulse Internet Resilience Index

Utilities
Electricity access100.0% (2023)
Grid losses8.3% of output (2024)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Transport
Transport quality3.40 / 5 (2022)
Rail density13.7 km / 1,000 km² (2021)
Air connectivity9,437 departures / million people (2023)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Education
Education score
Excellent
80
How this score is calculated

Our 0–100 score combines attainment (expected schooling at 30% and mean schooling at 25%) with participation (tertiary enrolment at 25%) and public investment (government education spending at 20%). Available indicators are reweighted; tuition and study rules remain separate profile fields below.

Attainment
Expected schooling19.8 years (2023)
Mean schooling9.0 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Participation & investment
Tertiary enrolment106% gross (2023)
Education spending3.1% of GDP (2022)

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators

Tuition$3,000–10,000 / yr
Public uniPublic universities low-cost; many English-taught programs
LanguagesTurkish, English (many programs)
Student workLimited part-time work for students
HDI
Human development score
Excellent
85
How this score is calculated

The UN Human Development Index is the geometric mean of three dimension indices (a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living), shown on a 0–100 map scale (HDI × 100). The 2023 UNDP inputs behind each dimension are listed below.

HDI0.853 (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Long & healthy life
Life expectancy77.2 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Knowledge
Expected schooling19.8 years (2023)
Mean schooling9.0 years (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Standard of living
GNI / person$34,507 PPP (2023)

Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025

Rights and institutions

Freedom
Freedom score
Limited
32
How this score is calculated

The score weights Freedom House’s 0–100 Freedom in the World score at 60% and its Freedom on the Net score at 40%. If either report does not cover a country, the available score is used alone. Scores of 70 and above are rated “Free”, 40–69 “Partly free”, and below 40 “Not free”.

Freedom in the World32 / 100 (Not free)
Freedom on the Net31 / 100 (Not free)
Rule of law
Rule of law score
Limited
38
How this score is calculated

The World Bank’s Rule of Law indicator captures how well contracts are enforced and how independent and effective the courts, police and property-rights regime are. We show its 0–100 percentile rank, where higher means stronger, more predictable institutions.

Rule of Law percentile38 / 100
Resources

Mock data for demonstration only. Not legal or tax advice.